Abstract:

The morphometric analysis is imperative in comprehending the hydrological processes in water basins, especially in evaluating its water resources. Hence, this study aimed to ascertain the morphometric characteristics in the Basin. DEM data and Arc GIS software were employed in quantifying all the morphometric parameters and the maps employed. The results show drainage of the fifth order in the basin. The drainage demonstrates a tree drainage pattern particularly in the middle and lower parts of the basin, while the semi-tree pattern is exhibited in the north. The basin geomorphology is majorly altered and controlled by basin structure, tectonic movements, and fracture systems, which also control the patterns of drainage within the basin. Both the basin and the subtraction typically assume longitudinal structures with slopes that range between 0^o-15^o and higher than 35^o. The Bifurcation ratio is roughly 2 - 5.28. The method of drainage is distorted by both the geology and structure of the basin. In Jordan, the water basins appear to be erosion-prone and this presently harms the surface. The high soil loss rates have been reported in these basins. This study will assist the decision makers in their soil and water conservation efforts for decreasing the soil erosion.

Keywords: DEM; GIS; Jordan; Morphometric; Topography

Abstract:

This paper aims to understand the inequality and discrimination prevailing in Bangladesh and the necessity of enacting legislation as State’s obligation to deal with discrimination in light of the international instruments and national expectations. Despite having constitutional safeguard on equality in general and non-discrimination on some grounds, and legislations on equality and non-discrimination on some specific grounds, there are allegation of discriminatory behavior of the sovereign and the State dawdled for years and is in a procrastinating attitude as to the enactment of an Anti-discrimination Act. Scrutiny of international legal regime and legislative instruments of some of the countries with an insight into the scholarly writings makes it evident that umbrella legislation is inevitable for ensuring a society free of discrimination. This paper also finds that without defining the pivotal term ‘discrimination’ covering all the protected characteristics of discrimination an anti-discrimination law neither can be a tool to eradicate discrimination from all spheres of the society nor fulfill the expectation of the people as to a society free from discrimination. Since the fundamental rights enumerated in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh are only enforceable against the State, not against private actors, there is a finding as to the incorporation of private actors in the anti-discrimination legislation with entrusting an obligation upon them to ensure non-discrimination. In this paper, consideration of expectations of the people for addressing some country-specific manifestations of discrimination in the anti-discrimination legislation has also been found as a sine qua non for the State.

Keywords: Anti-discrimination; equality; SDGs; Convention; Bangladesh.

Abstract:

The process of atherogenesis pursues a lifelong pathway, beginning in utero and equally important is that the method of atherogenesis is customarily super imposed by acute clinical manifestations, primarily at later stages of the disease progress. Assessing the cardiovascular risk of patients could also be accustomed to prioritize preventive therapies of individual patients who are asymptomatic but at sufficiently high risk for the event of cardiovascular disease. Namley, systems methodology provides a new conceptualization for the risk assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: System dynamics, Risk assessment, Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Abstract:

Growing rate of overweight/obesity among adult populations is of great concern for global public health. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for many non-communicable diseases. World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that about 1.9 billion adults globally are overweight, and of these, over 600 million are obese. Therefore the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of different risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among Patuakhali Science & Technology University students. A cross sectional study was conducted in the different residential dormitories of Patuakhali Science and Technology University. The findings revealed that majority of the students had normal weight (63%) when compared it with standard BMI classification but almost all of them consume high calorie foods as well as junk foods regularly. However the frequency of junk food or high calorie food consumption among over weight/obese population was much higher; around 80% overweight/obese consume junk foods/high calorie foods/soft drinks daily, compare to over 30% normal weight consume junk foods/high calorie foods. The study also revealed that female students are more obese than male students, 17% female and 12% male are overweight respectively.

Keyword: Overweight, Obesity, Dietary habits

Abstract:

This paper investigated the availability and utilization of library information resources and services for research productivity of agricultural scientists in agricultural institutions in Benue state, Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The population for the study comprises of 242 Agricultural Scientists in Agricultural Institutions in Benue. The sample size for the study was 151 Agricultural Scientists composed using proportionate stratified and simple random sampling techniques. The instrument employed for data collection was a self-constructed structured questionnaire which was validated by experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was established using Cronbach alpha method and an overall reliability index of 0.86 was obtained which shows that the instrument was highly reliable. Data for the study were collected with the help of research assistants and were analyzed using Frequency Count, Percentages, Mean and Standard Deviation to answer the research questions raised to guide the study. The findings of the study revealed that Library Information Resources and Services are available and highly utilized for research productivity of Agricultural Scientists in the Agricultural Institutions in Benue State.

Keywords: Availability; Utilization; Library information resources; Agricultural scientists.

Abstract :

Recently, the application of visible light communication (VLC) has shown a huge market demand for various application technologies such as smart home, and Internet of things (IOT). Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi) uses visible light is considered one the most effective technique to transmit data via the spectrum of pure visible light, this approach transmits data over the spread spectrum rather than using radio frequencies. However, integrated this technique with the orthogonal code division multiple access (OFDMA) and optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems have an advantage in that the visible light is far more powerful than the radio spectrum and can achieve high spectral efficiency with cost effective as only visible light based on the LED will be utilized. This paper proposed two multiple access approaches in order to implement the Li-Fi based OFDM and OCDMA systems. The proposed approaches are considering an efficient technology with reduced bit-error rate (BER) performance in an OFDMA and OCDMA system.

Keywords: WiFi, Li-Fi, OCDMA, Optical OFDM, Smart Home.

Abstract :

This paper aims to conduct a critical review of articles that have been published with regard to community participation and sustainability of water projects. Studies have been conducted worldwide in which researchers have endeavored to ensure that quality standards and requirements are observed. However, some studies have inherent gaps occasioned by either oversight or negligence which compromise quality of the findings. Five journal articles related to community participation and sustainability of water projects were therefore selected and reviewed for conformity to quality research standards. The study was conducted through desk top research in which relevant articles were sourced through internet searches. Critically analysis and evaluation was conducted on the basis of: purpose/ objective of the study; study hypothesis; research design; target population; sample design; sample size determination and sampling procedures; data collection tools; and data analysis procedures; and findings of the studies. Despite the five articles revealing statistically significant results, inherent quality gaps which perhaps compromised the findings was evident. Omission of: research design justification; sample size determination models; and sampling techniques were evident in some articles. Additionally, in some articles, there was no evidence of testing the questionnaires for validity and reliability, which perhaps compromised the quality data that was generated. More so, there was no evidence of ethical standards observed during research in some articles, despite the fact that the studies were conducted with human beings, which necessitates inclusion of the same. The review recommends that researchers should aspire to meet prescribed quality research standards in order to obtain credible results in studies.

Keywords: Community Participation; Sustainability; Water projects