Abstract:

The natural radioactivity of ²²⁶Ra,²³⁸U, ²³² Th, and ⁴⁰K in 6 tomato samples collected from two regions in sub-regions of El-Beida city –Libya, were measured by using gamma ray spectrometer NaI(Tl) detector. The average concentration values of naturalradionuclides²²⁶Ra,²³⁸U, ²³² Th, and ⁴⁰K in the tomato samples was 30.25, 30.97, 34.40 and 184.05 Bq.kg^-1 respectively. The average value of the annual effective ingestion dose due to intake of tomato samples were 0.48 mSv.y^-1.The concentrations of natural radionuclides in the tomato samples found in the present study were lower than the world average values suggested by the UNSCEAR. The average annual effective ingestion dose was found higher than total exposure per person resulting from the ingestion of natural radionuclides.

Keywords: Natural radionuclides, Annual effective ingestion dose, NaI(Tl), Tomato.

Abstract:

Introduction: Frequent nutritional examination and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorder is an important clinical consideration as it reveals multiple risk factors that can lead to an increase in the prevalence of nutrient deficiencies. Objective: This study aims to find out the effect of food consumed on the nutritional and health status of children with autism spectrum disorders in the Jordanian capital, Amman. Methodology: The descriptive study was conducted at the Jordanian Autism Academy in Amman's capital for four months. The study included 80 males and 20 females (ages from 6 to18 years). The adequacy of the diet for children with autism was determined using food and drink records for 24 hours compared with the recommended dietary allowance. The information was collected through 100 questionnaires distributed and filled out by the shadow teacher; the physical measurements were taken, the health factors and medical information were determined, and biochemical tests, such as checking blood strength (hemoglobin). Results: The participants had a high intake of fats, protein, and carbohydrates in the following proportions 101%, 101% and 103% consecutively. As for the blood tests (hemoglobin), the average blood strength increase between the beginning and the end of the study was 0.39g/dl. As for body measurements, there was an increase in the mean height of the children during the study period at a rate of (2.8 cm), while the increase in the mean weight was (1.65 kg), and the increase in the mean body mass was (0.4 kg /m2). Conclusion: The study showed that nutritional care is a good factor for maintaining the physical health of children with autism, also this was confirmed by examining the strength of blood.

Keywords: Autism, nutritional status, food intake.

Abstract:

The unprecedented COVID-19 out-break has instituted reforms and what could possibly be a paradigm shift in the educational sector globally. This is because of the early precautionary steps taken to contain the spread of the COVID-19 in most countries (if not all) which includes lockdown and temporary closure of schools including tertiary institutions. Thus, prompting the urgency for an alternative approach to cope with the effect on the educational system. Lucidly, the pandemic has revealed emerging vulnerabilities in education system to which society needs to work towards putting in place flexible and resilient education systems due to unprecedented events. The effect and gap is much wide in developing countries like Nigeria which has poor and inadequate online facilities especially in the public institutions instigated by inadequate access to devices, lack of constant power supply, and high cost of reliable internet. Consequentially, little could learn with an impromptu strategy or plan. In the light of the above, the current study adopts an exploratory method and reviewed the effect of pandemic outbreak on academic activities, though it becomes relatively early to conclude on the long run effect of the pandemic on the education sector. The study also reviewed the strategies adopted by most advanced countries and lastly outlined the lessons to be learnt by Nigeria. Amongst the conspicuous one is the integration of information technology in the education system and transition to digital platforms for learning (e-learning).

Keywords: Covid-19; Education; e- learning; ICT.

Abstract:

Micro plastics particles are airborne synthetic polymer with particles size smaller than 5 µm .its represented pollutants with high concern because of elevated plastic goods development and waste with low biodegradation rates. The chemical composition and physical properties like, diameter, form(fragment ,pellet ,fibers), relative density, and color, microplastics (MPs) are extremely heterogeneous. These characteristics are essential for their bioavailability and distribution Indoor as well as outside air which has been shown to contain microplastics particles its concentrations in the indoor air higher than outdoors, originate from the fragmentation of plastic objects contained in homes such as those used in cosmetics or by fractionation of plastic bodies whether fibrous or solid. Fragments are also causes of airborne microplastics from clothing and household furniture as well as textile factories. Inhaling microplastics has been linked with a number of health complications such as respiratory system or skin. This review gives the physical and chemical properties of microplastic particles, sources in indoor air and their health effects in human body.

Keywords: Indoor pollution. microplastic particles properties. Human Health effects

Abstract:

This paper examines the history and process of other nations in achieving rapid industrialization, explains the scientific processes involved in achieving rapid industrialization, as well as developing a model to guide Nigerians in curbing mass unemployment in Nigeria. These industrialized countries were selected randomly from the pool of industrialized nations, to represent the different continents. Their journey to industrialization was studied and itemized to help developing countries design a unique strategy to enable them achieve theirs. The paper adopts historical analysis to gather evidence and formulate ideas from the past and empirical analysis by direct and indirect observation or experience to examine the most effective method of curbing mass unemployment in Nigeria. The data used in this study was mostly primary. The results of the study was descriptive in nature. The paper revealed that Learning, is made up of practical training and theoretical education. of Workforce, large amount of standard employment for application of acquired of knowledge, increase production and capacity through team work; labour intensive industries; and Mechanizing production procedures (Industrialization) were various historical facts adopted by industrialized nations to achieving industrialization.In conclusion, the principles and strategy applied by the industrialized nations for achieving industrialization and curbing mass unemployment is learning: theory and practical. Learning: proper education and training on how to manufacture products promotes industrialization, productivity and create job opportunities. The study emphasizes that the foremost learning tools for increasing employment in quantity and quality as well as promoting improved productiveness are practical training and theoretical education.

Keywords: Industrialization, Productivity, Learning, Sustainable development, and Growth.